Pump for fuel burners



Oct. 20, 1936. E. J. LATTNER 2,057,783

PUMP FOR FUEL BURNERS Original Fil ed Nov. 21, 1932 INV TOR ff/E'ET arr/v58 %WW W A TTORNE Y Patented Oct. 20, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,057,783 PUMP- FOB FUEL BUBNEBS Emert .1. Lattner, Cedar Rapids, Iowa Original application November 21, 1932, Serial Divided and this application May 1'1, 1933, Serial No. 671,538 a 2 Claims. (01. 103-4) ber 21, 1932, patented April 24, 1934, No. 1,955,852.-

In burners of the type referred to the fuel and air are mixed by ejecting the fuel under pressure from a nozzle usually enclosed within a tube or conduit through which air at a fairly high velocity is delivered. The air with which the fuel is mixed is usually drawn into the rear end of the tube or conduit by means of a fan or blower located in the conduit and then delivered out of the conduit by means of the fan. The fuel is usually delivered to the nozzle by means of a pump driven by the same motor which drives the fan.

It is very-essential for proper and efficient operation of the burner that means be provided for controlling the relative amount of air in proportion to fuel at all speeds of the fan. If the proportion of air and fuel is not correct the mixture is too lean or too rich and combustion is incomplete and inemcient.

. The air flow control means must be adjustable to permit its adjustment to secure the correct volume of air in relation to the volume of fuel,

and means should be provided for locking the air flow control means in the preferred position. The air flow control means must be simple and inexpensive in construction and must be built into the burner, and in a preferred construction is arranged so that fuel flow control devices may be supported by the air flow control means. It is also desirable that the air flow control means should break up the air stream as much as possible and cause it to eddy and swirl to promote mixing of the fuel and air. The air flow control means must also be so arranged as to minimize any sound the air may make in flowing into and out of the conduit.

A general object of my invention is to provide an air flow control means for fuel burners.

A more specific object of my invention is to provide an air flow control device for fuel burners which may be adjusted to regulate the quantity of air admitted to the burner, and to properly proportion the volume of air admitted to the volume of fuel delivered by the nozzle of the burner.

Another object of my invention is to provide an air flow control means which is a built-in part of the burner and which may be utilized as lit a mounting for other parts of the burner.

Another object of my invention is to provide an air flow control and mixing means which will promote proper mixing of the fuel oil and air and which will minimize or eliminate sounds made by the air as it rushes through the burner. 5

Other and further features and objects of the invention will be more apparent to those skilled in the art upon a consideration of the accompanying drawing and following specification,

, wherein is disclosed an exemplary embodiment of 10 theinvention, with the understanding, however, that such changes maybe made therein as fall within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The device may be used or adapted for use for other 15 purposes.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a view in right side elevation of a fuel burner having as a part thereof an air flow control means constructed according to one em- 20 bodiment of my invention. Portions of the structure have been broken away to show the remaining parts in greater detail. A

Figure 2 is a view in perspective of the coupling flange of a pump which is adapted to be mounted 25 upon one of the members of the air flow control means.

Figure 3 is a view in perspective of one of the members of the air flow control means constructed according to my invention. 30

Figure 4 is a view in perspective of another member of the air flow control means.

Figure 5 is a view in perspective showing the portion of the conduit to which the air flow control member shown in Figure 3 is secured. Fig- 5 ures 2, 3, 4 and 5 show therespective parts in exploded relation, and

Figure 6 is a view in perspective of the locking means used for locking the air flow control means in position when proper adjustment of the parts 40 thereof has been secured.

Referring now to the drawing and more particularly to Figure l, the burner structure as a whole is mounted upon a base It which may be secured to the floor or other suitable foundation 45 by means of bolts ii. A standard I! projects vertically from the base l0 and affords a means whereby the fan housing l3, which acts also as a main frame member, may be mounted upon the base. The box-like housing I3 is provided with a clamping bracket member I at the rear wall thereof for clamping the housing I! to the standard ii at any suitable distance from the floor.

A driving motor (not shown) of any usual construction is preferably bolted to the left side of the housing and the shaft of the motor projects into the housing l3, and a fan, indicated at 26, for drawing air into the housing l3 and driving it through the blast conduit 26, is mounted on the end of the shaft. The rotating parts of the fuel pump 3| are also driven by the same motor which drives the fan and suitable connections are employed for driving the fan and pump from the motor. In the present instance any suitable motor, fan and fuel pump may be employed, and therefore these parts need not be further described.

It is very desirable; that the axis of the fan be located below the ce'ntei' line of the blast conduit 26 in order to lower the center of gravity of the mass of the burner, and in order that the fuelflow control devices mounted on theright-hand.

side of the housing |3 will be located below the nozzleii and nozzle feedi pipe 21, so that when the burneris stopped, fuel" within the feed pipe 21 immediately drains back into the fuel feed control means. This construction and location of parts isv of considerable importance because the fuel flow control devices afiord chambers into which fuel within the upper portion of the feed pipe 21 and nozzle 25 may drain back away from the nozzle as soon as the oil burner is shut down. thereby preventing burning and smoking of the oil which would normally be present in the feed pipe and nozzle and would drip from thenozzle after the burner had been shut off.

Ignition of the mixture of fuel and air may be secured in any suitable manner but in the present instance is secured by means of a transformer energized by the same source of electrical energy which energizes the motor previously mentioned. The transformer furnishes high potential current for the ignition points |8 by means'of cable IS.

A large circular opening 36 is provided in the right-hand side of the housing|3 and the open- ;ingjis covered by means of an end bell 33 having radially slotted openings 34 to permit air to pass through the end bell, into the housing I3 and out through the blast conduit 26. The direction the air takes in passing through the burner is indivcated by the small arrows. The end bell is provided with a large radially extending flange 36 having lugs 36 spaced about its periphery in order that the end bell may be secured to the face of the housing I3 over the circular opening36 as by means of bolts 38. i v

The greater part of the end bell is'comprised of curved triangular portions or louver strips 39 having their apexes connected by a cylindrical flange 4| and connected at their bases by the flange 35. The strips are spaced apart to provide the triangular openings or louvers 34 beforementioned. The cylindrical flange 4| is provided with tapped radial openings 42 in order that the cylindrical portion 31 of the pump 3| may-be placed in the opening within the flange and clamped by means of set screws threaded into the tapped openings 42. The cylindrical portion 31 of the pump 3| projects through the cylindrical flange 4| and beyond the inner wall thereof. A

ing 43 projects downwardly from the cylindrical I flange or ring 4| and the lug is provided with an used but the inner ends of the louver strips 62 are connected by means of a circular webbed portion 63 and the outerends by means of another webbed ring-like portion 64. The circular webbed portion 63 of shutter 6| fits over the inwardly projecting flange 31 of pump 3| and is rotatably supported thereby. The openings or louvers 66 are triangular and of substantially the same shape and area as the openings 34 in the end bell 33. The shutter 6| is of smaller diameter than the and bell 33 and its axial dimensions are less, so that the shutter nestsinthe end bell. 1 V

A lug 61 projects axially from one side of the lowermost of the louver strips 62, and when the shutter is in place in the end bell, the lug 61 projects out through the lowermost louver 34a in the end bell 33 so that it maybe moved to rotate the shutter 6| within the end bell 33. A suitable indentation 68 is provided in the louver 33a of the end bellso that the ing 61 may move into the indentation to permit complete opening and closing of the louvers 34 of the end bell by the louver strips 62 of the shutter. The openings 66a and 66b of the shutter are slightly shorter than the other openings 66 so that the flange 63 is enlarged at the bottom of the central opening. A slot II is provided in this portion of the flange 63 and this slot is curved in a sector of a circle the center of curvature of whichis at the axial center of the end bell 6|.

The screw 46 is enlarged at the inner end of the shank to provide asquared portion 12 adapted to vfit in the slot H and a button-like portion I3 adapted to bear against the inner wall of the shutter 6| adjacent the slot H. The threaded shank of the screw projects through the opening of the end bell 6| and through the opening 44 in the ring 4|, and a wing nut 16 having a long shank I1 is threaded on thescrew 46 with the inner end,

of the shank 11 hearing against the lug 43. It is apparent that when the thumb nut 76 is tightened on the screw 46, the shutter 6| H within the end bell 33, but that when the wing nut 16 is loosened, the shutter 6| may be rotated by means of the lug 61 within the end bell 33 to a degree determined by the width of the opening 34a. It is apparent also that since the louver strips 62 are of such a width as to overlap the openings 34 in the end bell 33, that the shutter 6| maybe rotated from a position in which the louver strips 62 offer no resistance to the passage of air through the end bell and shutter to a position such that the louver strips 62 entirely cover the openings 34 in the end bell 33. The shutter 6|, of course, may be located at any position between these two extreme positions, and thus accurately control the area of'the through the end bell and shutter.

The ring-like flange on end bell 33 affords a means by which the pump 3| may be supported on the end bell and the pump 3| is provided with suitable flanges in order that a strainer 43 and a fuel flow control valve 51 may be fastened on the pump.

In operation with the burner located so that the conduit 26 projects into a furnace, the burner is started up and the position of the shutter 6| within the end bell 33 changed until the flame within the furnace burns with a blue color which indicates that complete and efficient combustion is being secured. The thumb nut 16 is then tightened on the thumb screw 46 and the shutter 6| :Js liilgesn locked in place with relationto the end The plurality of triangular openings of the is clamped in placev air passageways shutter and end bell cause the air being admitted to the conduit to swirl and eddy and thus promote better mixing of fuel and air, and the swirling action and baflle effect of the louver strips act to muiile sounds emanating from within the conduit.

Although this invention has been described in connection with a certain specific embodiment, the principles involved are susceptible of numerous other applications that will readily occur to persons skilled in the art. The invention is therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the append'ed'claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a liquid fuel burner, a blast conduit, means for propelling air through the blast conduit, a pump for delivering fuel to the blast conduit, control means for controlling the volume of air admitted to the air-propelling means comprising a 20 louvered member supported on said air propelling means and a shutter, the louvered member having a flange for supporting the pump and the pump having a cylindrical portion to support the shutter, the shutter being mounted for rotation on the pump and in the louvered member.

2. In a liquid fuel burner, a blast conduit, means for propelling atr through the blast conduit, a pump for delivering fuel to the blast conduit, control means for controlling the volume of air admitted to the air propelling means comprising a louvered member supported on said air propelling means and a shutter, said member being provided with a central aperture, the pump having a portion extending within the aperture for supporting the pump upon the member. said shutter being provided with a central aperture and being supported for rotation upon the pump with said portion of the pump extending through the lastnamed aperture.

mma'r J. LATI'NER. 20 

